2.11 Nouns

Compound Nouns

A noun that is made up of two or more words is called a compound noun.

Father-in-law, doormat

Write the plural forms of these compound nouns.

1. passer-by        = passers-by

2. blackboard      = blackboards

3. watering can   = watering cans

4. great-uncle     = great-uncles

5. lighthouse       = lighthouses

6. household       =  households

7. shopkeeper     = shopkeepers

8. handout           = handouts

9. knockout          = knockouts

10. son-in-law      = sons-in-law

 

 

 

 

 

2.11 Nouns

Appositives

*An appositive is a noun that follows and explains another noun.

My sister, Sarah,is a very good dancer.

*An appositive phrase is a group of words that describes a noun.

Tokyo, the capital city of Japan, is one of the busiest cities in the world.

A. Complete these sentences with appropriate appositives.

1. My cousin, Hi, bought me chocolate.

2. My friend, Guy, has two dogs and a cat.

3. Tum, our  English teacher, has asked us to write an essay.

4. My cat, Pepzy, loves to sleep in the armchair.

5. Greece, the country in the world, attracts many tourists.

 

B. Underline the appositive phrases in these sentences.

1. Mr Jones, our neighbor, bought a new car.

2. Beethoven, a famous musician, was completely deaf.

3. Venus, the closest planet to Earth, is also the hottest planet in the Solar system.

4. Coffee, a drink prepared from roasted coffee beans, is very popular all over the world.

5. Tibet, a country in the Himalayas, is the highest region on Earth.

6. Papaya, a fruit that grows only in tropical countries, is very rich in iron.

2.12 Verbs

Regular and Irregular

*The bear escaped from the circus.                            *I worked for ten hours yesterday.

*My father taught me to swim.                                   *She put all the fruits into the basket.

*The highlighted verbs are in the simple past tense. They denote that the  action happened in the past. Some verbs can be changed to the past tense by adding –ed to the base from. These arecalled regular verbs.

like – liked, share – shared

*Some other verbs take different forms when changed into past tense. Such verbs are called irregular verbs.

see - saw, buy – bought

*Some irregular verbs do not change their form when converted to past tense.

read – read, beat – beat, cut – cut

A. Complete these sentences with the right form of verbs given in the brackets.

1. I woke (wake) up very early this morning. (Irregular)

2. He sat (sit) watching birds in the park all evening. (Irregular)

3. We went (go) to the cinema last Sunday. (Irregular)

4. I saved (save) some money to buy a new bike. (Regular)

5. She waved (wave) good-bye to her parents at the airport. (Regular)

6. My mother baked (bake) some delicious biscuits today.

7. Simon tought (teach) Science at a school before he took up the new job. (Irregular)

8. She brought (bring) a tray full of sandwiches for all of us. (Irregular)