2.11 Nouns
Compound Nouns
A noun that is made up of two or
more words is called a compound noun.
Father-in-law, doormat
Write the plural forms of these
compound nouns.
1. passer-by =
passers-by
2. blackboard = blackboards
3. watering can = watering cans
4. great-uncle = great-uncles
5. lighthouse = lighthouses
6. household = households
7. shopkeeper = shopkeepers
8. handout = handouts
9. knockout = knockouts
10. son-in-law = sons-in-law
2.11 Nouns
Appositives
*An appositive is a noun that
follows and explains another noun.
My sister, Sarah,is a very good
dancer.
*An appositive phrase is a group of
words that describes a noun.
Tokyo, the capital city of Japan, is
one of the busiest cities in the world.
A. Complete these sentences with
appropriate appositives.
1. My cousin, Hi, bought me
chocolate.
2. My friend, Guy, has two dogs and
a cat.
3. Tum, our English teacher, has asked us to write an
essay.
4. My cat, Pepzy, loves to sleep in
the armchair.
5. Greece, the country in the world,
attracts many tourists.
B. Underline the appositive phrases
in these sentences.
1. Mr Jones, our neighbor, bought a
new car.
2. Beethoven, a famous musician, was
completely deaf.
3. Venus, the closest planet to
Earth, is also the hottest planet in the Solar system.
4. Coffee, a drink prepared from
roasted coffee beans, is very popular all over the world.
5. Tibet, a country in the
Himalayas, is the highest region on Earth.
6. Papaya, a fruit that grows only
in tropical countries, is very rich in iron.
2.12 Verbs
Regular and Irregular
*The bear escaped from the circus. *I worked for ten
hours yesterday.
*My father taught me to swim. *She put all
the fruits into the basket.
*The highlighted verbs are in the simple
past tense. They denote that the action
happened in the past. Some verbs can be changed to the past tense by adding –ed
to the base from. These arecalled regular verbs.
like – liked, share – shared
*Some other verbs take different
forms when changed into past tense. Such verbs are called irregular verbs.
see - saw, buy – bought
*Some irregular verbs do not change
their form when converted to past tense.
read – read, beat – beat, cut – cut
A. Complete these sentences with the
right form of verbs given in the brackets.
1. I woke (wake) up very early this morning. (Irregular)
2. He sat (sit) watching birds in the park all evening. (Irregular)
3. We went (go) to the cinema last Sunday. (Irregular)
4. I saved (save) some money to buy a new bike. (Regular)
5. She waved (wave) good-bye to her parents at the airport. (Regular)
6. My mother baked (bake) some delicious biscuits today.
7. Simon tought (teach) Science at a school before he took up the new job. (Irregular)
8. She brought (bring) a tray full of sandwiches for all of us. (Irregular)
